There is a close connection in Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz¿s mind between the notions of self and substance. R. W. Meyer, in his classic 1948 text, Leibnitz and the Seventeenth-Century Revolution, writes that ¿the monad ¿ is nothing but a 1 représentation (in both senses of the French word) of Leibniz¿s personality in metaphysical symbols; and there was, under contemporary circumstances, no need 2 to ¿introduce¿ this concept apart from ¿propounding¿ it. ¿ It is not clear what Meyer means here except that from the consideration of his own self, in some way Leibniz comes to his concept of simple substance, or monad. Herbert Carr, in an