Russia's attack on Ukraine has disrupted European Eastern policy. At the same time, different perspectives on that policy have clashed. This is particularly visible in the German and Polish cases. In order to build a new European Eastern policy, we have to understand differing perspectives and clear up misconceptions and misunderstandings. The book contributes to the understanding of the perspectives and experiences of both sides and enables us to draw lessons from the past. Ten politicians and renowned experts from Poland and Germany such as Sabine Fischer and Iwona Reichardt focus on German and Polish Eastern policies from Willy Brandt, through the times of Polish democratic