This book articulates the role of biotechnology in reducing waste, thereby envisaging a zero-waste environment. It explains perspectives in waste management like anaerobic co-digestion, integrated biosystems, immobilized enzymes, zero waste biorefineries, microbial fuel cell technology, membrane bioreactors, nano biomaterials, etc. This book is invaluable for those interested and working in sustainability. So far, there is no book that comprehensively sums up the state of the art of these bio-based technologies in shaping the future of reuse, recycling and recovery of value-added substances. It includes modern technologies of bioconversion and biotransformation along with detailing the concept of circular economy. In a nutshell, it efficiently guides on the