Intended for advanced level students in computer science and mathematics, this key text, now in a brand new edition, provides a survey of recent progress in primality testing and integer factorization, with implications for factoring based public key cryptography. For this updated and revised edition, notable new features include a comparison of the Rabin-Miller probabilistic test in RP, the Atkin-Morain elliptic curve test in ZPP and the AKS deterministic test.