INTRODUCTION One of the most important directions of research in contemporary times is the necessity, potential, and possibility of developing methodologies and applications tools, and techniques aimed at improving machine tool manufacturing practices. This will focus primarily on cutting down waste in operations as pioneered by Henry Ford and later practiced by the Toyota production system. The successful effort to reduce the initial assembly time of 728 minutes to 93-minutes output rate after five years of attempts by Henry Ford in his company in1913 is the outcome of a lean effort.