problems between states? What consequences threaten if states can`t agree about territory? Antagonism and even armed conflicts threaten. What external help can be given to the litigant states? At this point mediation can be helpful. But this often indicates some special aspects by political level. The author gives insight into the "big mediation process between states" the so-called conference diplomacy. The author addresses these and other critical questions to give an insight into the elementary importance of providing peaceful negotiation management. He shows how a political negotiation must be prepared and what particular aspects are to considered. Above all he describes the four principles of the legendary Harvard Concept and applies these to state direction. The author shows where the concept reaches its limits.