Revision with unchanged content. The Internet has grown into a tremendously large and complex system with hundreds of millions of end hosts. Because of its size, complexity and heterogeneity, understanding the Internet has proved to be very difficult. Network measurements provide valuable insight and quantitative information on network performance, management, and pathology diagnosis. This work aims to infer hidden network properties from the complex Internet by addressing the following open questions based on network measurements: (1) Can we identify the existence of a dominant congested link (i.e., a significant source of performance degradation) on an end-to-end path using only end-to-end packet delay and loss observations? (2)