The neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients with brain in­ juries presents a new challenge for medicine and psychology. In any society patients who have suffered a stroke or a traumatic brain lesion constitute a large group requiring special therapy; even nowadays only a small group of these patients obtain adequate rehabilitational support. Brain injuries may lead to loss or impair­ ment of functions like language, sight, memory, attention, emo­ tional control, or movement, and such impairments are usually ac­ companied by handicaps in the patient's daily life. Every attempt should be made to improve functional competence and the pa­ tient's capacity to cope with their disability and handicap. In recent years, the aim of much research in the basic sciences has been