Nanoparticle-based approaches to targeting drugs for severe diseases is devoted to the analysis of the latest developments in the use of passive and/or active targeting nano-strategies for controlling the biodistribution profiles of pharmacotherapy agents. Special attention is given to recent advances in these engineering approaches: specifically, to target nanomedicines against severe diseases, and to the development of multifunctional nanoplatforms for combined selective diagnosis and effective pharmacotherapy. This book provides an in-depth and detailed analysis of the above problems, and a comprehensive discussion of the available solutions. It focuses on aspects of the formulation of drug nanocarriers, alongside characterisation techniques, toxicity issues, regulatory aspects, and marketing.